Track-1: Environmental Chemistry
Environmental Chemistry includes the study of the effects that chemicals have on the air, water and soil and how they impact the environment and human health. Environmental chemists appraise the long-term risks of contaminants in soil and groundwater, both to ecological and human health. It is an interdisciplinary science that involves atmospheric, aquatic and soil chemistry, as well as deliberately depending on analytical chemistry and being related to environmental and other areas of science.
· Astrochemistry
· Atmospheric Chemistry
· Environmental Modelling
· Geochemistry
· Marine Chemistry
· Pollution Remediation
Track-2: Pollution Control and Green Chemistry
Pollution Control is the process of reducing and eliminating the release of pollutants into the environment. It’s regulated by various environmental agencies which establish pollutant discharge limits for air, water, and land. It is better to prevent waste than to treat or clean up waste after it formed. Green Chemistry is the design of chemical products and processes that reduce or eliminate the use or generation of hazardous substances.
Principals:
· Pollution Prevention
· Atom Economy
· Less Hazardous chemical synthesis
· Designing Safer Chemicals
· Reduce derivatives
· Safer solvents
· Catalysis
Track-3: Environmental Disasters
Environmental Disasters have a severely harmful effect on ecosystems. These catastrophes are often short in duration but have an abiding impact on the animals and plants that live in the affected habitat. Occasionally environmental catastrophes change the physical environment so much that the damage to the ecosystem is permanent. Sometimes, environmental damage can be contained and the habitat retrained. Environmental Disasters fall into two categories.
· Natural climate or weather disasters, which include wild fires, landslides, floods, earthquakes, droughts, tornadoes, tsunamis, and volcanic eruptions.
· Environmental disasters include those caused by human activities like oil spills, chemical spills, and nuclear incidents.
Track-4: Climate Change and Global Warming
Climate Change caused by changes in temperatures and weather patterns. These shift changes may be natural such as through variations in the solar cycle. Global Warming is due to warming of the planet's overall temperature. Global Warming refers to the increase in global temperatures due mainly to the increasing concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Climate Change refers to the increasing changes in the measures of climate over a long period of time including precipitation, temperature and wind patterns.
Causes of Climate Change and Global Warming-
· Greenhouse Effect
· Deforestation
· Industrialization
· Burning fossil fuels
· Farming
· Oil and Gas
Track-5: Atmospheric Chemistry
Atmospheric Chemistry is a branch of atmospheric science, which is used to know the chemistry of the Earth's atmosphere and that of other planets is studied. Atmospheric Chemistry plays a crucial role in climate change by controlling the amount and distribution of important climate forcing agents such as water vapor, methane or tropospheric and stratospheric ozone.
· Emissions
· Chemical transformations
· Oxidants
· Atmospheric dynamics and circulation
· Aerosol particles and clouds
· Biogeochemical cycles and deposition
Track-6: Marine and Soil Chemistry
Marine chemistry is also known as ocean chemistry or chemical oceanography, is influenced by plate tectonics and seafloor spreading, turbidity currents, sediments, pH levels, atmospheric constituents, metamorphic activity, and ecology. Marine Chemistry plays an important role in understanding the distribution and reactivity of chemical components within the ocean and at the earth−ocean, sediment−ocean, and atmosphere−ocean interfaces. Soil chemistry is used to study the chemical characteristics of soil. Soil chemistry is affected by mineral composition, organic matter and environmental factors.
· Marine interfacial chemistry
· Marinebiogeo chemistry
· Marine pollution and ecological chemistry
· Marine organicgeo chemistry
Track-7: Water Science
Water Science is the study of water and its interaction with solids, liquids, gases and organisms in various Earth systems. Some of the sources of water like rivers and lakes are become contaminated due to industrial pollution and poor policymaking. Water is one of the most required natural resources for all life on Earth. The availability and quality of water always have played a key part in determining not only where people can live, but also their quality of life.
Track-8: Environmental Geology and Geochemistry
Environmental Geology is the branch of geology that's concerned with the interactions between humans and the geologic environment- rocks, water, air, soil, life. Environmental Geology is originally a way of applying geologic knowledge to identify, remediate and hopefully prevent environmental problems from occurring as a result of people. Environmental chemistry studies the processes controlling the distribution and availability of chemical species within the earth’s critical zone. By Combining chemistry, hydrology, hydrogeology, soil science, mineralogy, and microbiology, environmental geochemists examine processes including soil chemistry, chemical weathering, solute transport and deposition and biological uptake and release to traces the movement of nutrients and contaminants around the earth’s surface.
· Hydrogeology
· Mining
· Recycling
· Land use
Track-9: Agricultural and Food Chemistry
Agricultural Chemistry is the study of chemistry mainly organic chemistry and biochemistry as they relate to agricultural production, the processing of raw products into foods and beverages, and environmental monitoring and reformation. Agricultural Chemistry is a science concerned with ways to control chemical and biochemical processes in soil and plants- with plant mineral nutrition and with using fertilizers and other chemical means to improve fertility and increase yield. Food Chemistry is the branch of chemistry that deals with the chemistry behind the biochemical nature of food, its properties and how they are processed in the body.
Track-10: Environmental Ecosystem
An Ecosystem is a geographic area where plants, animals and other organisms as well as weather and landscape work together to form a bubble of life. Ecosystem consists of all the organisms and the physical environment with which they interact. Ecosystems are controlled by external and internal factors. External factors like climate, parent material which forms the soil and topography, control the overall structure of an ecosystem but are not themselves influenced by the ecosystem. Internal factors are controlled by decomposition, root competition, shading, disturbance, succession, and the types of species present.
Types of ecosystems-
· Forest Ecosystem
· Grassland Ecosystem
· Tundra Ecosystem
Desert Ecosystem
Environmental Chemistry is a multi-disciplinary science including chemistry, physics, life science, agriculture, medical-science, public health, sanitary engineering and many. In other terms it is the study of sources, reactions, transport, effect and fate of chemical species in the air, water and soil and the effect of human activities on these. Environmental Chemistry is not a new discipline. Outstanding work has been done in this area for the greater part of a century. Now there are many environmental issues- which have grown in size and complexity day by day and are threatening the survival of mankind on earth. One of the environmental chemistry’s major challenges is the determination of the nature and quantity of specific pollutants in the environment. Thus, chemical analysis is a key step in environmental chemistry research. The difficulty of examine for many environmental pollutants can be awesome.
Geographically, the European region held the largest shares in the global green chemicals market in 2020, and, further, it is expected to lead the market during the forecast period. This can be attributed to the rising adoption of green chemicals across different industries, including food & beverages, personal care, automotive, and packaging, owing to the strong environmental concerns in the region. In addition, the chemicals industry of the region is increasingly putting focus on the production of green chemicals in order to develop sustainable and eco-friendly solutions.
